National Impact of Penn Medicine Nudge Unit Concept Spreads
Diagnostic Testing During Pediatric Hospitalizations: The Role of Attending In-House Coverage and Daytime Exposure
Kira L. Ryskina, Linda Dynan, Rebecca Stein, Evan Fieldston, Deepak Palakshappa
Abstract [from journal]
Objective: Overuse of diagnostic tests is of particular concern for pediatric academic medical centers. Our objective was to measure variation in testing based on proportion of hospitalization during the day versus night and the association between attending in-house coverage on the teaching service and test utilization for hospitalized pediatric patients.
Methods: Electronic health record data from 11,567 hospitalizations to a large, Northeastern, academic pediatric hospital were collected between January 2007
...Wide Variation in the Percentage of Donation After Circulatory Death Donors Across Donor Service Areas - A Potential Target for Improvement
Elizabeth Sonnenberg, Jesse Hsu, Peter Reese, David Goldberg, Peter Abt
Abstract [from journal]
Background: Substantial differences exist in the clinical characteristics of donors across the 58 donor services areas (DSAs). Organ procurement organization (OPO) performance metrics incorporate organs donated after circulatory determination of death (DCDD) donors, but do not measure potential DCDD donors.
Methods: Using 2011-2016 UNOS data, we examined the variability in DCDD donors/all deceased donors (%DCDD) across DSAs. We supplemented UNOS data with CDC death records and OPO statistics to characterize
...8 Months to 5 Days: What Happened When Pennsylvania Changed the Vaccination Regulations for Provisional Enrollment?
Salini Mohanty, Paul Delamater, Kristen Feemster, Alison M. Buttenheim
Abstract [from journal]
In March 2017, the Pennsylvania Department of Health reduced the time allowed to demonstrate compliance with school-entry vaccination requirements from eight months to five days. We describe changes in provisional enrollment, vaccine exemptions, and vaccine coverage rates before and after the new regulation. Across Pennsylvania, provisional enrollment decreased from 11.1 % in 2016/17 to 2.5% in 2017/18 (77% relative decrease). Personal belief exemptions continued a modest upward trend, similar to previous years, and medical exemptions remained steady
...Effect of a Prize-Linked Savings Intervention on Savings and Healthy Behaviors Among Men in Kenya: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Ellen Moscoe, Kawango Ago, Harsha Thirumurthy
Abstract [from journal]
Importance: Interventions to reduce men's alcohol use and risky sexual behaviors are essential for reducing new HIV infections in high-prevalence settings in sub-Saharan Africa. Prize-linked savings accounts can motivate savings and may decrease expenditures on risky behaviors, but few studies have examined the HIV prevention potential of such savings interventions among men.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of prize-linked savings accounts on savings behavior and expenditures on alcohol, gambling, and
...Effectiveness of Behaviorally Designed Gamification Interventions With Social Incentives for Increasing Physical Activity Among Overweight and Obese Adults Across the United States: The STEP UP Randomized Clinical Trial
Mitesh S. Patel, Dylan S. Small, Joseph D. Harrison, Michael P. Fortunato, Ai Leen Oon, Charles A. L. Rareshide, Gregory Re, Gregory Szwartz, James Guszcza, David Steier, Pameljit Kalra, Victoria Hilbert
Abstract [from journal]
Importance: Gamification, the use of game design elements in nongame contexts, is increasingly being used in workplace wellness programs and digital health applications. However, the best way to design social incentives in gamification interventions has not been well examined.
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of support, collaboration, and competition within a behaviorally designed gamification intervention to increase physical activity among overweight and obese adults.
Design,
Disparities in Acceptance of Deceased Donor Kidneys Between the United States and France and Estimated Effects of Increased US Acceptance
Olivier Aubert, Peter P. Reese, Benoit Audry, Yassine Bouatou, Marc Raynaud, Denis Viglietti, Christophe Legendre, Denis Glotz, Jean-Phillipe Empana, Xavier Jouven, Carmen Lefaucheur, Christian Jacquelinet, Alexandre Loupy
Abstract [from journal]
Importance: Approximately 3500 donated kidneys are discarded in the United States each year, drawing concern from Medicare and advocacy groups.
Objective: To estimate the effects of more aggressive allograft acceptance practices on the donor pool and allograft survival for the population of US wait-listed kidney transplant candidates.
Design, Settings, and Participants: A nationwide study using validated registries from the United States and France comprising comprehensive cohorts of
...Bekelman and Patel "Nudge" Radiation Oncology Study Cited by NIH Newsletter
Difference Between Users and Nonusers of a Patient Portal in Health Behaviors and Outcomes: Retrospective Cohort Study
Jing Huang, Yong Chen, J. Richard Landis, Kevin B. Mahoney
Abstract [from journal]
Background: Patient portals are frequently used in modern health care systems as an engagement and communication tool. An increased focus on the potential value of these communication channels to improve health outcomes is warranted.
Objective: This paper aimed to quantify the impact of portal use on patients’ preventive health behavior and chronic health outcomes.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational cohort study of 10,000 patients aged 50 years...
A Voluntary Program to Encourage Generic Prescribing in Oncology
A voluntary UnitedHealthcare program to reduce oncologists’ financial incentives to prescribe brand-name anticancer drugs failed to increase prescribing of generic equivalents.
Making History at LDI: An Interview with Rachel Werner
Taxes and Front-of-Package Labels Improve the Healthiness of Beverage and Snack Purchases: A Randomized Experimental Marketplace
Rachel B. Acton, Amanda C. Jones, Sharon I. Kirkpatrick, Christina A. Roberto, David Hammond
Abstract [from journal]
Background: Sugar taxes and front-of-package (FOP) nutrition labelling systems are strategies to address diet-related non-communicable diseases. However, there is relatively little experimental data on how these strategies influence consumer behavior and how they may interact. This study examined the relative impact of different sugar taxes and FOP labelling systems on beverage and snack food purchases.
Methods: A total of 3584 Canadians 13 years and older participated in an experimental marketplace study using
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