Penn Hosts Fourth Annual Meeting of the Population Health Science Workshop
A Randomized Trial to Encourage Healthy Eating Through Workplace Delivery of Fresh Food
Rachel Feuerstein-Simon, Roxanne Dupuis, Ryan Schumacher, Carolyn C. Cannuscio
Abstract [from journal]
Purpose: This study aimed to increase the consumption of home-cooked meals among employees at a large urban worksite through a fully subsidized Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) program.
Design: Randomized trial.
Setting: Worksite in a large northeast city.
Participants: Employees were recruited through flyers, e-mail listservs, and outreach from departmental
An Economic Analysis of Childhood Exposure to Crime and Violence
The impact of childhood exposure to crime and violence is pervasive and longstanding. It might be tempting to assume that the economic losses, spread over a lifetime and across the country, cannot be calculated. But that’s just what LDI Associate Fellow Michal Gilad and co-author Abraham Gutman have done in a new working paper that attempts to calculate the consequences of such childhood exposure. The total?
Trajectories of Evidence Based Treatment for School Children with Autism: What's the Right Level for the Implementation?
Victor Lushin, David Mandell, Rinad Beidas, Steven Marcus, Heather Nuske, Victor Kaploun, Max Seidman, Daphney Gaston, Jill Locke
Abstract [from journal]
Evidence-based practices (EBP) for children with autism are under-used in special-education schools. No research compared child-level versus teacher-level influences on EBP use, which could guide implementation strategies. We derived longitudinal profiles of EBP receipt by children (N = 234) in 69 autism-support classrooms, over an academic year. We compared overall impacts of child-level and teacher-level factors on profile membership. Most children received little EBP throughout the year; however substantial subgroups received increasing, and
History and Correlates of Smoking Cessation Behaviors among Smokers with Serious Mental Illness
Su Fen Lubitz, Alex Flitter, E Paul Wileyto, Douglas Ziedonis, Nathaniel Stevens, Frank Leone, David Mandell, John Kimberly, Rinad Beidas, Robert A Schnoll
Abstract [from journal]
Introduction: Individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) smoke at rates 2-3 times greater than the general population but are less likely to receive treatment. Increasing our understanding of correlates of smoking cessation behaviors in this group can guide intervention development.
Methods: Baseline data from an ongoing trial involving smokers with SMI (N=482) were used to describe smoking cessation behaviors (i.e., quit attempts, quit motivation and smoking cessation treatment) and correlates of these
...Adverse Childhood Experiences: Prevalence and Association With Adolescent Health in Malawi
Rachel Kidman, Luciane R. Piccolo, Hans-Peter Kohler
Abstract [from journal]
Introduction: Childhood adversity is robustly associated with poor health across the life course. However, very few studies have examined the prevalence and implications of adverse childhood experiences in low- and middle-income countries. The objective of this study is to measure adverse childhood experiences among adolescents in Malawi and examine the association with mental and physical health outcomes.
Methods: From 2017 to 2018, baseline data were collected among adolescents aged 10-16 years (n=2,089).
...Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Patients who Receive Medical and Dental Care at an Urban Community Health Center
Caitlin McDonald, Jill R. Johnson, Juan C. Castro, Catherine Reitz, Frank M. Torrisi, Shivan J. Mehta
Abstract [from journal]
Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates remain subpar, particularly among underserved populations. As the role of health care providers evolves, it has been suggested that dentists could play a larger role in preventive health. Building on this concept, dental visits could serve as an additional touchpoint for CRC screening outreach. The primary goal of this study was to compare CRC screening rates among patients who receive both dental and medical care to those who only receive medical care at an urban community health center in order to inform
...Observational Study of the Association between Participation in High School Football and Self-Rated Health, Obesity, and Pain in Adulthood
Timothy G. Gaulton, Sameer K. Deshpande, Dylan S. Small, Mark D. Neuman
Abstract [from journal]
American football is the most popular high school sport yet its association with health in adulthood has not been widely studied. We investigated the association between high school football and self-rated health, obesity, and pain in adulthood using a retrospective cohort study of the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study from 1957 to 2004. We matched 925 high school males who played varsity football with 1,521 males who did not play football. After matching, playing football was not associated with poor or fair self-rated health (odds ratio [OR] 0.88, 95%
...The Rising Power of Administrative Data for HSR Scientists
Clustering of Unhealthy Behaviors in a Nationally Representative Sample of U.S. Children and Adolescents
Stephanie L. Mayne, Senbagam Virudachalam, Alexander G. Fiks
Abstract [from journal]
Poor diet, low physical activity, sedentary behavior and smoking are modifiable risk factors for chronic diseases that often develop early in life. An improved understanding of how unhealthy behaviors co-occur within individual children across childhood and adolescence could inform the development of more effective prevention approaches. Using data from the 2011-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we calculated weighted prevalence of five unhealthy behaviors - excessive screen time, poor diet quality, low physical activity, fast
...LDI-Related Documents Cited in U.S. Supreme Court DACA Case
Understanding and Addressing Social Determinants to Advance Cancer Health Equity in the United States: A Blueprint for Practice, Research, and Policy
Kassandra I. Alcaraz, Tracy L. Wiedt, Elvan C. Daniels, K. Robin Yabroff, Carmen E. Guerra, Richard C. Wender
Abstract [from journal]
Although cancer mortality rates declined in the United States in recent decades, some populations experienced little benefit from advances in cancer prevention, early detection, treatment, and survivorship care. In fact, some cancer disparities between populations of low and high socioeconomic status widened during this period. Many potentially preventable cancer deaths continue to occur, and disadvantaged populations bear a disproportionate burden. Reducing the burden of cancer and eliminating cancer-related disparities will require more focused and
...Social Support Networks Among Young Men and Transgender Women of Color Receiving HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
Sarah Wood, Nadia Dowshen, José A. Bauermeister, Linden Lalley-Chareczko, Joshua Franklin, Danielle Petsis, Meghan Swyryn, Kezia Barnett, Gary E. Weissman, Helen C. Koenig, Robert Gross
Abstract [from journal]
Purpose: The aim of the study was to characterize perceived social support for young men and transgender women who have sex with men (YM/TWSM) taking HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).
Methods: Mixed-methods study of HIV-negative YM/TWSM of color prescribed oral PrEP. Participants completed egocentric network inventories characterizing their social support networks and identifying PrEP adherence support figures. A subset (n = 31) completed semistructured interviews exploring adherence support and qualities of
...Insights Into Veterans' Perspectives on a Peer Support Program for Glycemic Management
Briana D. Lott, Tanisha N. Dicks, Shimrit Keddem, Valerie S. Ganetsky, Judy A. Shea, Judith A. Long
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the mentor-mentee relationship in veterans with type 2 diabetes and gain insight into successful pairings.
Methods: Qualitative semistructured interviews were conducted as part of a peer mentoring randomized controlled trial to understand participants' experiences, their relationship with their partner, and how the intervention affected self-care behaviors. Purposive sampling was done to ensure adequate representation of mentees who made large strides in reaching their
...